This practice paper contains various questions focusing on Computer Networks and terms related to that. It is an important topic for Class XII CBSE Boards Students and through this assignment they will learn about the various concepts associated with Computer Networks easily.
Question : What is network? Why it is needed?
Answer : A network is a group of connected devices, such as computers, servers, printers, and other hardware devices, that can communicate and exchange information with each other. Networks can be used for a variety of purposes, such as sharing data, resources, and services, accessing the internet, and collaborating with others.
There are many reasons why networks are needed, including:
- Resource sharing: Networks allow devices to share resources, such as printers, files, and software applications, which can improve efficiency and reduce costs.
- Communication: Networks provide a means for users to communicate with each other, such as through email, instant messaging, and video conferencing.
- Collaboration: Networks enable users to collaborate on projects and share information in real time, even if they are in different locations.
- Access to the internet: Networks provide a means for devices to connect to the internet, which is essential for accessing information and resources that are not available on the local network.
- Centralized management: Networks allow administrators to manage devices and resources from a central location, which can improve efficiency and reduce costs.
Question : What are the different types of networks?
Answer : There are 4 types of networks, they are:
PAN (Personal Area Network):
A PAN is a network that is used to connect personal devices, such as smartphones, laptops, and wearable devices, within a small area, such as a room or a person’s body. Examples of PAN technologies include Bluetooth and ZigBee.
LAN (Local Area Network):
A LAN is a network that covers a small geographic area, such as a single building or campus. It is typically used to connect devices within a home, office, or other small organization. LANs are usually owned and controlled by a single organization.
MAN (Metropolitan Area Network):
A MAN is a network that covers a larger geographic area, such as a city or metropolitan area. It typically connects devices in multiple buildings or locations within a city or region. MANs are usually owned and operated by service providers, such as telecommunications companies.
WAN (Wide Area Network):
A WAN is a network that covers a large geographic area, such as a country or even the entire world. It is typically used to connect devices in multiple cities, countries, or continents. WANs are usually owned and operated by service providers, such as telecommunications companies or internet service providers.
Question : Darpan wants to create a network to connect his smartphone, laptop, and smartwatch, so he can easily transfer files and data between the devices. Which network type would be appropriate for Darpan’s needs, and what are some possible technologies he can use to create the network?
Answer : For Darpan’s needs, a PAN (Personal Area Network) would be appropriate. A PAN is a network that connects devices within a small area, such as a room or a person’s body. The purpose of a PAN is to allow personal devices to communicate and share resources, such as files, media, and internet access.
Question : ABC Corporation is a small business that has several departments located in a single building. The business needs a network to allow employees to communicate and share resources such as printers and files. Which network type would be appropriate for ABC Corporation, and what are some possible topologies they can use to create the network?
Answer : For ABC Corporation’s needs, a LAN (Local Area Network) would be appropriate. A LAN is a network that connects devices within a small geographic area, such as a single building or campus. The purpose of a LAN is to allow devices to communicate and share resources, such as printers, files, and internet access.
To create the LAN, ABC Corporation can use various topologies, depending on the size and layout of the building. Some possible topologies: Bus Topology, Star Topology, Ring Topology and Mesh Topology.
Question : XYZ Corporation is a global company that has offices and data centers located in different countries. The company needs a network to connect all its locations and allow employees to communicate and share resources such as files and applications. Which network type would be appropriate for XYZ Corporation, and what are some possible technologies they can use to create the network?
Answer : For XYZ Corporation’s needs, a WAN (Wide Area Network) would be appropriate. A WAN is a network that connects devices over a wide geographic area, such as a city, a country, or even multiple countries. The purpose of a WAN is to allow devices in different locations to communicate and share resources as if they were in the same location.
To create the WAN, XYZ Corporation can use various technologies, depending on the distance and connectivity requirements between its locations. Some possible technologies are : Leased Lines, VPN (Virtual Private Network), MPLS (Multiprotocol Label Switching) network and SD-WAN (Software-Defined Wide Area Network).
Question : John is a fitness enthusiast who tracks his daily exercise and health data using a smartwatch and a smartphone. He wants to create a network that allows him to easily transfer data between his devices without using the internet. Which network type would be appropriate for John’s needs, and what are some possible technologies he can use to create the network?
Answer : For John’s needs, a PAN (Personal Area Network) would be appropriate. A PAN is a network that connects devices within a small area, typically within a person’s workspace or home. The purpose of a PAN is to allow devices to communicate and share resources, such as files, media, and internet access.
Question : What is Topology?
Answer : In computer networks, topology refers to the physical or logical arrangement of devices and their interconnections. It describes how the devices are connected to each other and how data flows between them.
Question : What is Star Topology? Write two advantages and two disadvantages of it.
Answer : Star topology is a type of network topology in which all devices in the network are connected to a central device called a hub or a switch. The hub or switch acts as a central point of connection and facilitates communication between the devices.
Some advantages of star topology include:
Scalability: Star topology is highly scalable as new devices can be easily added to the network by connecting them to the central hub or switch.
Easy Troubleshooting: Troubleshooting in star topology is relatively easy as any faults or issues can be quickly isolated to a particular device or connection.
Some disadvantages of star topology include:
Single point of failure: The central hub or switch in a star topology is a single point of failure. If it fails, the entire network may be affected.
Cost: Star topology can be more expensive to implement than other topologies as it requires a central hub or switch, which can be costly.
Question : What is Bus Topology. Write two advantages and two disadvantages of it.
Answer : Bus topology is a type of network topology in which all devices are connected to a common backbone or bus. Data flows along the bus in both directions, and each device receives every transmission.
Here are some advantages of bus topology:
Easy to implement: Bus topology is relatively easy to implement as it requires only a single cable or backbone to connect all the devices.
Cost-effective: Bus topology is one of the most cost-effective network topologies as it requires less cabling than other topologies.
And here are some disadvantages of bus topology:
Single point of failure: Bus topology has a single point of failure. If the backbone cable fails, the entire network may be affected.
Limited scalability: Bus topology can be difficult to scale, especially over long distances, as the signal quality may deteriorate as more devices are added to the network.
Question : What is Ring Topology? Write any two advantages and disadvantages of ring topology.
Answer : Ring topology is a type of network topology in which all devices are connected in a circular loop or ring. Data travels in one direction along the ring, passing through each device in turn.
Here are some advantages of ring topology:
Balanced performance: Ring topology provides balanced performance as each device has an equal opportunity to transmit data.
Easy to manage: Ring topology is relatively easy to manage and troubleshoot as each device can be easily identified.
No collisions: Ring topology does not suffer from data collisions, as only one device can transmit data at a time.
And here are some disadvantages of ring topology:
Single point of failure: Ring topology has a single point of failure. If any device in the ring fails, the entire network may be affected.
Limited scalability: Ring topology can be difficult to scale as adding new devices can disrupt the entire network.
Question : What is Tree Topology?
Answer : Tree topology is a type of network topology in which multiple star topologies are connected to a bus or backbone network. It is also known as a hierarchical topology. In a tree topology, nodes are organized in a hierarchical structure, with multiple levels of branching.
At the top of the hierarchy is the root node, which is connected to the backbone network. The root node may be a hub, a switch, or a router. Each branch of the tree is a star network, with multiple devices connected to a central hub or switch.
Tree topology provides a flexible and scalable network structure that can support a large number of devices. It is commonly used in large networks, such as corporate or university campuses, where devices are spread out over a wide area.
However, tree topology is more complex and more expensive to set up than other topologies such as bus or star topology. It also has a single point of failure at the root node, and if it fails, the entire network may be affected. To mitigate this, redundancy can be built into the network by adding backup root nodes or alternative paths.
Question : What is Fully Connected Topology?
Answer : Fully connected topology is a type of network topology in which every device is directly connected to every other device in the network. It is also known as a complete topology. In a fully connected network, any device can communicate directly with any other device without needing to go through an intermediate device, such as a router or switch.
Fully connected topology provides a high level of redundancy and fault tolerance, as there are multiple paths for data to travel from one device to another. This ensures that if one device or connection fails, data can still be transmitted through other paths in the network. Additionally, fully connected topology provides high network performance and low latency, as there are no intermediaries that can introduce delays or congestion.
However, fully connected topology can be expensive and difficult to implement, especially in large-scale networks with many devices. The number of connections required grows exponentially as the number of devices in the network increases. Additionally, fully connected topology may not be practical for networks with geographically distributed devices, as the cost and complexity of the physical connections may become prohibitive.
Question: What are the various factors for selecting a topology?
Answer : When choosing a network topology, there are several factors to consider:
Scalability: Consider the ability of the network to support the number of devices that need to be connected to it, as well as the ability to add more devices in the future.
Reliability: Consider the network’s ability to maintain connectivity in the event of device failure or other issues, and the impact that downtime would have on the organization.
Cost: Consider the cost of implementing and maintaining the network topology, including the cost of cabling, devices, and other infrastructure, as well as ongoing maintenance costs.
Performance: Consider the network’s ability to support the data transfer rates and bandwidth requirements of the devices connected to it, and the impact that network congestion or bottlenecks could have on performance.
Security: Consider the security risks associated with the topology, and whether additional security measures are needed to protect the network and the devices connected to it.
Flexibility: Consider the ability of the topology to adapt to changes in the network, such as the addition of new devices or changes in network traffic patterns.
Management: Consider the ease of managing the network topology, including the ability to monitor and troubleshoot network issues, as well as the availability of management tools and resources.
